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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2004) - Singapore (2002)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2004) z Singapore (2002)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2004)Singapore (2002)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsSingapore
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) none
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2004 est.)
0-14 years: 17.6% (male 404,212; female 378,660)


15-64 years: 75.3% (male 1,630,696; female 1,724,532)


65 years and over: 7.1% (male 137,512; female 177,120) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts rubber, copra, fruit, orchids, vegetables; poultry, eggs, fish, ornamental fish
Airports 1 (2003 est.) 9 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 9


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total: 692.7 sq km


land: 682.7 sq km


water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. Founded as a British trading colony in 1819, Singapore joined Malaysia in 1963, but withdrew two years later and became independent. It subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries, with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's busiest) and with per capita GDP equal to that of the leading nations of Western Europe.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 12.78 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: NA


expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA
revenues: $27.9 billion


expenditures: $19.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.4 billion
Capital West Island Singapore
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - Northeastern monsoon from December to March and Southwestern monsoon from June to September; inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms
Coastline 26 km 193 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form: Republic of Singapore


conventional short form: Singapore
Currency Australian dollar (AUD) Singapore dollar (SGD)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 4.28 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external NA $8.3 billion (2001 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Franklin L. LAVIN


embassy: 27 Napier Road, Singapore 258508


mailing address: PSC Box 470, FPO AP 96534-0001


telephone: [65] 6476-9100


FAX: [65] 6476-9232
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Heng Chee CHAN


chancery: 3501 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 537-3100


FAX: [1] (202) 537-0876


consulate(s) general: San Francisco


consulate(s): New York
Disputes - international none Singapore and Malaysia are considering taking the unresolved dispute over Pulau Batu Putih (Pedra Branca Island) to ICJ; Malaysia concerned over Singapore's land reclamation works on Johor, which affects the maritime boundary, shipping lanes, and water ecology in the Tebrau Reach
Economic aid - recipient NA $NA
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Singapore, a highly developed and successful free-market economy, enjoys a remarkably open and corruption-free environment, stable prices, and one of the highest per capita GDPs in the world. The economy depends heavily on exports, particularly in electronics and manufacturing, and was hard hit in 2001 by the global recession and the slump in the technology sector. In 2001, GDP contracted by 2.2%. The economy is expected to recover in 2002 in response to improvements in the US economy, and GDP growth for 2002 is projected to be 3% to 4%. In the longer term the government hopes to establish a new growth path that will be less vulnerable to the external business cycle than the current export-led model, but is unlikely to abandon efforts to establish Singapore as Southeast Asia's financial and high-tech hub.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh 25.947 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production NA kWh 27.9 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m


highest point: Bukit Timah 166 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs industrial pollution; limited natural fresh water resources; limited land availability presents waste disposal problems; seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Chinese 76.7%, Malay 14%, Indian 7.9%, other 1.4%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999) Singapore dollars per US dollar - 1.8388 (January 2002), 1.7917 (2001), 1.7240 (2000), 1.6950 (1999), 1.6736 (1998), 1.4848 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state: President Sellapan Rama (S. R.) NATHAN (since 1 September 1999)


head of government: Prime Minister Chok Tong GOH (since 28 November 1990) and Deputy Prime Ministers Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Hsien Loong LEE (since 28 November 1990) and Keng Yam Tony TAN (since 1 August 1995)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament


elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 28 August 1999 (next to be held by August 2005); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president


election results: Sellapan Rama (S. R.) NATHAN elected president unopposed
Exports NA $122 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities copra machinery and equipment (including electronics), consumer goods, chemicals, mineral fuels
Exports - partners Australia Malaysia 18%, US 17%, Hong Kong 8%, Japan 7.5%, Taiwan 6%, Thailand 4.3%, China 4%, South Korea 3.6%, Germany 3%, Netherlands 3% (2000)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of Australia is used two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white five-pointed stars arranged in a circle
GDP purchasing power parity - NA purchasing power parity - $106.3 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA (2001 est.)
agriculture: NEGL%


industry: 33%


services: 67% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - NA purchasing power parity - $24,700 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA -2.2% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 1 22 N, 103 48 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes
Highways total: 15 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km (2003)
total: 3,150 km


paved: 3,066 km (including 150 km of expressways)


unpaved: 84 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - as a transportation and financial services hub, Singapore is vulnerable, despite strict laws and enforcement, to use as a transit point for Golden Triangle heroin and as a venue for money laundering
Imports NA $116 billion (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners Australia Japan 17%, Malaysia 17%, US 15%, China 5%, Taiwan 4.4%, Thailand 4.3%, South Korea 3.6%, Saudi Arabia 3% (2000)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 9 August 1965 (from Malaysia)
Industrial production growth rate NA -17.5% (2001 est.)
Industries copra products and tourism electronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling equipment, petroleum refining, rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, entrepot trade, biotechnology
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA (2004 est.)
3.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA 1.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation none APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, BIS, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNTAET, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 9 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president with the advice of the prime minister, other judges are appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice); Court of Appeals
Labor force NA 2.19 million (2000)
Labor force - by occupation the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others financial, business, and other services 35%, manufacturing 21%, construction 13%, transportation and communication 9%, other 22%
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
arable land: 1.64%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 98.36% (1998 est.)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English Chinese (official), Malay (official and national), Tamil (official), English (official)
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held NA
unicameral Parliament (84 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - in addition, there are up to nine nominated members; the losing opposition candidate who came closet to winning a seat may be appointed as a "nonconstituency" member


elections: last held 3 November 2001 (next to be held 25 June 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - PAP 75.3% (in contested constituencies), other 24.7%; seats by party - PAP 82, WP 1, SDA 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years (2004 est.)
total population: 80.29 years


male: 77.34 years


female: 83.47 years (2002 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.5%


male: 97%


female: 89.8% (1999)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia
Map references Southeast Asia Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
exclusive fishing zone: within and beyond territorial sea, as defined in treaties and practice


territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine - total: 876 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 20,686,612 GRT/32,647,743 DWT


ships by type: bulk 131, cargo 100, chemical tanker 81, combination bulk 10, combination ore/oil 6, container 168, liquefied gas 35, livestock carrier 2, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 287, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 5, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 11, vehicle carrier 32


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 7, Belgium 6, China 12, Denmark 27, Germany 17, Greece 4, Hong Kong 44, Indonesia 8, Japan 52, Malaysia 4, Monaco 22, Netherlands 2, Norway 42, Philippines 6, Russia 3, Slovenia 1, South Korea 10, Sweden 13, Switzerland 7, Taiwan 46, Tanzania 2, Thailand 22, United Arab Emirates 4, United Kingdom 14, United States 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force -
Military branches - Army, Navy, Air Force, People's Defense Force, Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $4.47 billion (FY01/02 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 4.9% (FY01/02)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 1,354,857 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 986,101 (2002 est.)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Independence Day, 9 August (1965)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun: Singaporean(s)


adjective: Singapore
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April NA
Natural resources fish fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 26.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders none Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [leader NA]; People's Action Party or PAP [Chok Tong GOH, secretary general] - the governing party; Singapore Democratic Alliance or SDA [CHIAM See Tong] (includes Singapore People's Party or SPP [CHIAM See Tong], Singapore Democratic Party or SDP [CHEE Soon Juan], National Solidarity Party [leader NA], Singapore Justice Party [leader NA], and Singapore Malay National Organization [leader NA]); Workers' Party or WP [J. B. JEYARETNAM]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 629 (July 2004 est.) 4,452,732 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 0.002% (2004 est.) 3.46% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors none; lagoon anchorage only Singapore
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 0, FM 16, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios - 2.6 million (2000)
Railways - total: 38.6 km


narrow gauge: 38.6 km 1.000-m gauge


note: there is also a 83 km mass transit system with 48 stations
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Buddhist (Chinese), Muslim (Malays), Christian, Hindu, Sikh, Taoist, Confucianist
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage NA 21 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61-891; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002)
general assessment: major consideration given to serving business interests; excellent international service


domestic: excellent domestic facilities


international: submarine cables to Malaysia (Sabah and Peninsular Malaysia), Indonesia, and the Philippines; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 1.95 million (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available 2.74 million (2000)
Television broadcast stations NA 6 (2000)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman (2004 est.) 1.23 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 4.7% (2001 est.)
Waterways - none
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